Global Health and the Demands of the Day
Abstract
We have two goals in this paper: first, to provide a diagnosis of global health and underline some of its blockages; second, to offer an alternative interpretation of what the demands for those in global health may be. The assumption that health is a "good" that requires no further explanation, and that per se it can serve as an actual modus operandi, lays the foundations of the problem. Related blockages ensue and are described using HIV prevention with a focus on vaginal microbicides as a case study. Taking health as a self-evident, and self-explanatory "good" limits other possible goods; and prevents further inquiry into the actual practices of creating good practices and good measures. We propose that to create conditions under which global health could be reconstructed, "problematization" be taken up as a practice, around a series of questions asked in conjunction with those ever-urgent ones of how to ameliorate the condition of living beings.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Auvert, Bertran, Taljaard D., Lagarde E., Sobngwi-Tambekou J., Sitta R., and Puren A. "Randomized, Controlled Intervention Trial of Male Circumcision for Reduction of HIV Infection Risk: The Anrs 1265 Trial. ." PloS Medicine 2, no. 11 (2005): 1112-22.
Banta, James E. "From International Health to Global Health." Journal of Community Health 26, no. 2 (2001): 73-76-76.
Brown, Theodore M., Marcos Cueto, and Elizabeth Fee. "The World Health Organization and the Transition From "International" To "Global" Public Health." American Journal of Public Health 96, no. 1 (2006): 62-72.
Cook, Gordon C. Tropical Medicine: An Illustrated History of the Pioneers. London and New York: Elsevier, 2007.
Cueto, Marcos. "The Origins of Primary Health Care and Selective Primary Health Care." American Journal of Public Health 94, no. 11 (2004): 1864-74.
Dewey, John. Reconstruction in Philosophy. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1920.
Elias, Chris. "Can Seattle Save the World?", Town Hall, Seattle, WA, 26 April 2011.
Fidler, David P. "Emerging Trends in International Law Concerning Global Infectious Disease Control." Emerging Infectious Diseases 9, no. 3 (2003): 285-90.
———. "From International Sanitary Conventions to Global Health Security: The New International Health Regulations." Chinese Journal of International Law 4, no. 2 (2005): 325–92.
Foucault, Michel. The Hermeneutics of the Subject: Lectures at the Collège De France 1981-1982. Translated by Graham Burchell. Edited by Frédéric Gros. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
———. "Polemics, Politics and Problematizations." In Aesthetics, Method and Epistemology, edited by James D Faubion. New York: New Press, 1998.
———. "What Is Englightenment?" In Ethics: Subjectivity and Truth, edited by Paul Rabinow. New York: The New Press, 1997.
Gonzalez, C.L. "Mass Campaigns and General Health Services." Geneva: World Health Organization, 1965.
Grant, Robert M., Dean Hamer, Thomas Hope, Rowena Johnston, Joep Lange, Michael M. Lederman, Judy Lieberman, Christopher J Miller, John P. Moore, Donald E. Mosier, Douglas D. Richman, Robert T. Schooley, Marty S. Springer1, Ronald S. Veazey, and Mark A. Wainberg. "Whither or Wither Microbicides?" Science 321, no. 5888 (2008): pp. 532-34
Holmberg, Scott D. Scientific Errors and Controversies in the U.S. HIV/AIDS Epidemic: How They Slowed Advances and Were Resolved. Westport, CT and London: Praeger, 2008.
http://reconstructing-sciences.net/collections/knowledge-and-truth. "Reconstructing the Sciences." edited by ARC / Center for Biological Futures, Accessed 20 July 2011.
http://www.cugh.org/about/background#ten-recommendations. "Key Needs for the 21st Century: Ten Recommendations from the Workforce Sustainability Conference of September 23-25, 2007." San Francisco, 2007.
http://www.globalhealth.org/. "Global Health Council." (Accessed 20 July 2011).
http://www.pepfar.gov. "The U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief " (Accessed 20 July 2011).
http://www.polioeradication.org. "Global Polio Eradication Initiative." (Accessed 20 July 2011).
http://www.tac.org.za/community/about. "Treatment Action Campaign."
http://www.wbur.org/npr/137762573/paul-farmer-examines-haiti-after-the-earthquake. "Paul Farmer Examines Haiti 'after the Earthquake'." In Fresh Air. USA: WBUR Boston, 2011.
http://www.wghalliance.org/about/mission. "Washington Global Health Alliance." Accessed 20 July 2011.
Janes, Craig R., and Kitty K. Corbett. "Anthropology and Global Health." Annual Review of Anthropology 38 (2009): 167-83.
Karim, Quarraisha Abdool, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Janet A. Frohlich, Anneke C. Grobler, and et al. "Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Gel, an Antiretroviral Microbicide, for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women." Science (2010).
Kirby, Tony. "Jeff Waage: Building a Coalition of Disciplines for Global Health." The Lancet 376, no. 9745 (2010): 949.
Kyeong-Ae, K, S Jiang, F Kirchhoff, and J Muench. "Sevi and Semen Impair the Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Drugs and Microbicides." Antiviral Res 82 (2009): A64–A164.
Macfarlane, Sarah B., Marian Jacobs, and Ephata E. Kaaya. "In the Name of Global Health: Trends in Academic Institutions." Journal of Public Health Policy 29 (2008): 383–401.
McGowan, Ian. "Microbicides for HIV Prevention: Reality or Hope?" Curr Opin Infect Dis 23 (2010): 26 – 31.
Mills, Anne. "Mass Campaigns Versus General Health Services: What Have We Learnt in 40 Years About Vertical Versus Horizontal Approaches?" Bulletin of the World Health Organization 83, no. 4 (2005): 315-16.
Münch, J, E Rücker, and L Ständker. "Semen-Derived Amyloid Fibrils Drastically Enhance HIV Infection." Cell 131 (2007): 1059–71.
Owen, DH, JJ Peters, SL Kieweg, and et al. "Biophysical Analysis of Prototype Microbicide Gels." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 96, no. 3 (2007): 661-69.
Padian, Nancy S., Sandra I. McCoy, Jennifer E. Balkus, and Judith N. Wasserheitd. "Weighing the Gold in the Gold Standard: Challenges in HIV Prevention Research." AIDS 24, no. 5 (2010): 621–35.
Pfeiffer, James, and Mark Nichter. "What Can Critical Medical Anthropology Contribute to Global Health? A Health Systems Perspective." Medical Anthropology Quarterly 22, no. 4 (2008): 410–15.
Potts, Malcolm, Daniel T. Halperin, Douglas Kirby, Ann Swidler, and Elliot Marseille. "Reassessing HIV Prevention." Science 320 (2008).
Rabinow, Paul, and Gaymon Bennett. Synthetic Anthropos: Designs for Human Practice: Connexions, 2008.
Ramjee, Gita. "Microbicide Research: Current and Future Directions." Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 5 (2010): 316 – 21.
Roan, NR, J Munch, N Arhel, and et al. "The Cationic Properties of Sevi Underlie Its Ability to Enhance Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection." J Virol 83 (2009): 73 – 80.
Sepulveda, Jaime, Flavia Bustreo, Roberto Tapia, Juan Rivera, Rafael Lozano, and et al. "Improvement of Child Survival in Mexico: The Diagonal Approach." Lancet 368 (2006): 2017-27.
Stone, Alan. "Microbicides: A New Approach to Preventing HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (2002): 77-985.
Szeri, AJ, SC Park, S Verguet, and DF Katz. "Predicting Intravaginal Microbicide Distributio from Properties of Both Gel and Vagina: Advanced Biomechanical Modeling." In Microbicides. New Delhi, India, 2008.
Szeri, AJ, SC Park, S Verguet, A Weiss, and DF Katz. "A Model of Transluminal Flow of Anti-HIV Microbicide Vehicle: Combined Elastic Squeezing and Gravitational Sliding." Physics of Fluids 20 (2008): 083101 (10 pages).
UNAIDS. "AIDS Epidemic Update." Geneva, 2009.
Van Damme, L, G Ramjee, M Alary, B Vuylsteke, V Chandeying, H Rees, and et al. "Effectiveness of Col-1492, a Nonoxynol-9 Vaginal Gel, on HIV-1 Transmission in Female Sex Workers: A Randomised, Controlled Trial." Lancet 360 (2002): 971-77.
Verguet, Stéphane. "Transport Phenomena in Microfluidics and Microbicide Drug Delivery Systems." PhD Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2008.
Verguet, Stéphane, Holt B Young, and AJ Szeri. "Increasing the Effectiveness of Vaginal Microbicides: A Biophysical Framework to Rethink Behavioral Acceptability." PLoS ONE 5, no. 11 (2010).
Walsh, Julia A., and Kenneth S. Warren. "Selective Primary Health Care." New England Journal of Medicine 301, no. 18 (1979): 967-74.
Weber, Max. "Science as a Vocation." In The Vocation Lectures, edited by David Owen and Tracy B. Strong. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2004.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2011.57
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.